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KMID : 1231220220130030083
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Journal of the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
2022 Volume.13 No. 3 p.83 ~ p.92
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Sex-Based Difference in Smoking Effects on Hematologic Parameters
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Seo Yoo-Bin
Lee Eon-Sook
Kwon Hyuk-Jin
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Abstract
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Background: Previous studies have established an association between smoking and increased hemoglobin or white blood cell counts. However, the sex-based difference in the association is unknown although female smokers are known to have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than male smokers. We evaluated the association between smoking and hematologic parameters in male and female participants separately.
Methods: Data of 22,501 adults from the seventh and eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2016-2019) were analyzed. Smoking status was evaluated by self-reports or urine cotinine. Four hematologic parameters of hemoglobin, hematocrit, white blood cell counts, and platelet counts were measured. Polycythemia was defined by the World Health Organization criteria of increased hemoglobin level (＞16.5 g/dL in men, ＞16.0 g/dL in women). The association between smoking and hematologic parameters was assessed using multivariate regression analysis or logistic regression analysis. Adjusted variables were age, education, income, body mass index, exercise, alcohol, and chronic disease. All analyses were performed on each male and female participant.
Results: All hematologic parameters were highest in current smokers, both male and female. The hemoglobin and WBC count levels increased linearly with increasing smoking amounts in male and female participants. However, only men were found to have an association between polycythemia and smoking (odds ratio, 1.567; 95% confidence interval, 1.334-1.841).
Conclusion: The level of hemoglobin and WBC counts increased with the amount of smoking in current smokers, which is a consistent finding in both sexes. However, the polycythemia risk of smoking differs by sex.
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KEYWORD
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Smoking, Hematologic parameter, Hemoglobin, WBC counts, Sex-based difference
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